Beverages with calories are dangerous.
Humans evolved drinking only water.
Today, Americans get more than 20 percent of their calories
from beverages.
We drink juice, Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and
milk. We drink Frappucinos, milk shakes, smoothies, and
coffee with cream and sugar. We drink vitamin-fortified juice
drinks, sugared iced teas, beer, wine, and liquor.
Some 300,000 fast-food restaurants, 3
million soft-drink vending machines, and 20,000 coffee shops,
kiosks, and carts offer to quench our thirst wherever we go.
Bottomless refills of soft drinks at fast-food restaurants and
convenience stores entice us—and a billion dollars a year in
advertising—to drink our calories.
Barry Popkin, who directs an obesity
program at the University of North Carolina, believes that
because we evolved drinking only water and getting all of our
calories from food, liquid foods don’t “register” on our
brain’s appetite center the way solid foods do.
If early humans were no longer hungry
after drinking water, they wouldn’t consume enough food. So
we evolved separate mechanisms to satisfy thirst and hunger.
And those mechanisms haunt us in today’s world of
calorie-laden Double Big Gulps at the convenience store and
mega-calorie dense White Chocolate Mochas at Starbucks.
Short term studies show that when you
consume calories from solid food, your brain ratchets down
your appetite for more food and calories. But when you
consume calories from liquids, your appetite isn’t as
satisfied…so you eat more.
That research is reinforced by
longer-term studies that find greater weight gain in
soft-drink consumers. (As for diet soda, some of their
artificial sweeteners—acesulfame potassium, aspartame, and
saccharin—may not be safe.)
So the answer to “What would you like to
drink?” is a no-brainer.
When you’re offered a soda, smoothie, or
sugary coffee drink; think water instead. If tap water isn’t
available, go for bottled. (The environmental impact of
all plastic bottles is dreadful, but at least water is
better for you than soda.)
And when you have coffee or tea; take it plain or with just
milk and/or a teaspoon of sugar. Or flavor a glass of water
with the juice of a whole lemon and a packet or two of Splenda.
At restaurants, don’t feel compelled to
buy a beverage; ask for a glass of water.
We could also use some help from city
governments, park districts, and school systems to make it
just as convenient to drink (free) water as soda or coffee.
Unfortunately, water fountains seem to be disappearing as fast
as pay phones. And many of those that remain are broken.
Health officials in cities like Los
Angeles, Tuscon, Dallas, Atlanta, and Miami shouldn’t be
surprised that it’s frequently hot outside. And people in
Seattle, Minneapolis, New York, and Boston get thirsty, too.
Cities should be putting water fountains at all major street
corners, parks, and wherever else people gather. And why not
require fast-food restaurants to provide free water and cups?
Those are things that we all should be
able to drink to.